The Clarke number of fluorine is about 0.03%, which is about half of that of sulfur, one-sixth of that of chlorine and almost equal to that of nitrogen and rubidium. This suggests that fluorine should ...

Synthetic polymers with tailored properties offer a wide range of applications for plastic products and advanced photonic and electronic functional materials. Polymers with a high melt viscosity are ...

Experiments and modeling reveal the unexpected structure that can be seen in bacteria grown in mucus samples and biofilms. Scientists at Caltech and Princeton University have discovered that bacterial ...

The creation of plastics from polymers is now an old industry. So, there are many methods, sub-methods, and specific synthetic variations now used by academics and industry scientists to create ...